Fibre proposition and proof

Why H5 at an orbit only holds for Hecke labels lying over it. This page expands the H5 discussion of Proposition I.

Setting

Work in the setting of Proposition I for a symmetric space \(X=G/G^\theta\). Fix a Hecke label and an orbit label, and abbreviate the Satake object:

$$\lambda\in\Lambda_T^+,\qquad\mu\in\Lambda_S^+,\qquad M_\lambda:=V_\lambda\ast\mathrm{IC}_0\in\mathcal C.$$

The leading-term map sends \(\lambda\) to the orbit of the translated base point:

$$\varphi(\lambda)=\lambda-\theta(\lambda),\qquad t^\lambda x_0=x_{\varphi(\lambda)}\in\mathcal O_{\varphi(\lambda)}.$$

The order \(\le\) on \(\Lambda_S^+\) is the dominance order; it is a partial order because the positive coroot cone is pointed.

Inputs

  • H1(a) · Closure order. Each orbit closure is the disjoint union of the orbits below it (Chen–Yi Theorem 18): $$\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}=\bigsqcup_{\nu\le\mu}\mathcal O_\nu.$$
  • F1 · Support bound. The Satake object lives on the closure of its leading orbit (Proposition III, step 2): $$\operatorname{supp}(M_\lambda)\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_{\varphi(\lambda)}}.$$
  • F2 · Leading stalk. Its stalk at the translated base point is nonzero (Proposition III, step 6; no use of H3): $$(M_\lambda)_{t^\lambda x_0}\ne0.$$
  • F3 · Supports see orbits. For a closed finite union of orbits \(Z\), an object supported on \(Z\) restricts to zero on every orbit outside \(Z\): $$\operatorname{supp}(M)\subseteq Z,\quad\mathcal O_\nu\not\subseteq Z\ \Longrightarrow\ a_\nu^*M=0.$$ This is \(j^*i_*=0\) for the closed embedding of \(Z\), since an \(L^+G\)-stable \(Z\) either contains \(\mathcal O_\nu\) or misses it.

Proposition · H5 pins λ to the fibre of φ

Claim. Assume H1(a) and F1–F3. For \(\lambda\in\Lambda_T^+\) and \(\mu\in\Lambda_S^+\):

$$\text{(a)}\quad\operatorname{supp}(M_\lambda)\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}\iff\varphi(\lambda)\le\mu,$$ $$\text{(b)}\quad a_\mu^*M_\lambda\ne0\implies\mu\le\varphi(\lambda),$$ $$\text{(c)}\quad\lambda\ \text{satisfies H5 at }\mu\implies\boxed{\varphi(\lambda)=\mu}.$$

Consequence. H5 at every orbit forces the leading-term map to be onto, and under H3 the top-restriction lemma gives the converse:

$$\mathrm{H5}\implies\varphi(\Lambda_T^+)=\Lambda_S^+,\qquad\mathrm{H3}\wedge\varphi(\Lambda_T^+)=\Lambda_S^+\implies\mathrm{H5}.$$
Sources

References

  • Chen–Yi, v4 (2025): Proposition 17 and Theorem 18 for the orbits and the closure order; Lemma 90 for lattice coverage.
  • Beilinson–Bernstein–Deligne, Faisceaux pervers, §1.4.1–1.4.3, and Kuijper, v4 (2026), Definition 2.3.4, for \(j^*i_*=0\) in F3.

References checked 8 October 2026. The reader in D holds located extracts.

Two orbit posets. Left: H5(a) puts the support inside the closure of O mu, and the nonzero leading orbit O phi(lambda) must lie in it, so phi(lambda) is at most mu. Right: the support is the closure of O phi(lambda), and O mu must lie in it, so mu is at most phi(lambda).
(a) the support must contain the leading orbit; (b) the orbit \(\mathcal O_\mu\) must lie in the leading closure.

Proof

Steps 1–3 collect three facts about orbits and supports; steps 4–5 prove (a) and (b); steps 6–7 conclude.

  1. By H1(a), inclusions of orbits are inequalities of labels:

    $$\mathcal O_\nu\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}\iff\overline{\mathcal O_\nu}\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}\iff\nu\le\mu.$$
    Proof
    • If \(\nu\le\mu\), H1(a) lists \(\mathcal O_\nu\) inside \(\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}\), which is closed, so it contains \(\overline{\mathcal O_\nu}\).
    • If \(\mathcal O_\nu\subseteq\bigsqcup_{\nu'\le\mu}\mathcal O_{\nu'}\), the orbits are disjoint and \(\mathcal O_\nu\ne\varnothing\), so \(\nu=\nu'\le\mu\) for one \(\nu'\).
  2. By F3, a nonzero restriction places the orbit inside any support:

    $$\operatorname{supp}(M)\subseteq Z,\quad a_\nu^*M\ne0\ \Longrightarrow\ \mathcal O_\nu\subseteq Z.$$
    Proof
    • This is the contrapositive of F3.
  3. The Satake object is nonzero on its leading orbit:

    $$a_{\varphi(\lambda)}^*M_\lambda\ne0.$$
    Proof
    • The stalk at \(t^\lambda x_0=x_{\varphi(\lambda)}\) factors through restriction to its orbit, \((M_\lambda)_{t^\lambda x_0}=(a_{\varphi(\lambda)}^*M_\lambda)_{t^\lambda x_0}\), and is nonzero by F2.
  4. Part (a). The support contains the leading orbit, so it lies in \(\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}\) only if \(\varphi(\lambda)\le\mu\):

    $$\operatorname{supp}(M_\lambda)\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}\iff\varphi(\lambda)\le\mu.$$
    Proof
    • ⇒. Apply step 2 to \(Z=\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}\) and \(\nu=\varphi(\lambda)\), using step 3: $$\mathcal O_{\varphi(\lambda)}\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_\mu},\qquad\text{so }\varphi(\lambda)\le\mu\text{ by step 1}.$$
    • ⇐. F1 and step 1 give \(\operatorname{supp}(M_\lambda)\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_{\varphi(\lambda)}}\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_\mu}\).
  5. Part (b). The support lies in the leading closure, so a nonzero restriction to \(\mathcal O_\mu\) needs \(\mu\le\varphi(\lambda)\):

    $$a_\mu^*M_\lambda\ne0\implies\mu\le\varphi(\lambda).$$
    Proof
    • Apply step 2 to \(Z=\overline{\mathcal O_{\varphi(\lambda)}}\), which contains the support by F1: $$\mathcal O_\mu\subseteq\overline{\mathcal O_{\varphi(\lambda)}},\qquad\text{so }\mu\le\varphi(\lambda)\text{ by step 1}.$$
  6. Part (c). H5(a) and H5(b) give both bounds:

    $$\varphi(\lambda)\le\mu\le\varphi(\lambda),\qquad\text{so}\qquad\varphi(\lambda)=\mu.$$
    Proof
    • H5(a) is the left side of (a). H5(b) has \(N_\mu\gt0\) summands, so \(a_\mu^*M_\lambda\ne0\) and (b) applies.
    • Antisymmetry of \(\le\): \(\varphi(\lambda)-\mu\) and \(\mu-\varphi(\lambda)\) both lie in the pointed positive coroot cone, so both are \(0\).
    • Clause (a) is needed. In the group case with \(H=\mathrm{SL}_2\) (labels), \(\lambda=(1,0)\) has \(\varphi(\lambda)=(1,-1)\) and $$M_{(1,0)}\simeq\underline k_{\overline{\mathcal O_{(1,-1)}}}[2],\qquad a_0^*M_{(1,0)}\simeq\underline k_{\mathcal O_0}[2]\ne0,$$ so H5(b) holds at \(\mu=0\) although \(\varphi(\lambda)\ne0\); H5(a) fails there.
  7. H5 gives a \(\lambda\) at every \(\mu\), and step 6 puts it in \(\varphi^{-1}(\mu)\):

    $$\mathrm{H5}\implies\varphi(\Lambda_T^+)=\Lambda_S^+.$$
    Proof
    • Converse. Under H3, every dominant lift of \(\mu\) satisfies H5 at \(\mu\) (top-restriction lemma); Proposition III combines both directions.
    • A failure. For \(\mathrm{SL}_2/\mathrm{SO}_2\), \(\varphi\) doubles, so no \(\lambda\) lies over an odd label and H5 fails there (examples).